A recurring theme in all forms of modern art is the attempt to reform civilization through art. In the first half of the twentieth century, this idea was taken literally in the field of architecture. The architect was seen as a potential savior for humanity. Mies Van der Rohe, the father of international style, focused on ideals, refined shapes with rectangular shapes.

These planes intersect are free of ornamentation and challenged the traditional notion of buildings as mass and weight. Beams steel and large glass panels were becoming more available due to the emerging industrial technology. These materials could be used to create impersonal forms universal. Through architecture, International Style advocates said, the man would be a more egalitarian experience in a rational life. Madness and horror of the First World War had shown that the man was in desperate need of rational thought and action.

Although suitable for structures business, the new style proved too impersonal and inaccessible to the common man. The responses to the international style include organic forms, shapes irregular and textured surfaces of the architect Le Corbusier. Frank Lloyd Wright, the most famous modern architects, emphasized the relationship between buildings and their natural environments. Other post-modernists such as Charles Moore returned to the use of references to tradition to create delightfully decorated structures.

Similarly, the attempt to focus on rational forms extended in the realm of fine arts and crafts applied. The Bauhaus school of modern art, formed in 1918, produced designs with simple shapes and clean surfaces that could be mass produced. These prototypes were designed as inexpensive alternatives that would be both attractive and utilitarian.

But some critics interpreted as anti-human. The answers to these designs including organic, decorative arts and Crafts in England and Art Nouveau in general. Ironically, rationalism exemplified in sterile form was replaced international style in architecture and artwork of such movements Surrealism as they were a conscious exploration of the hidden nature of man, irrational.

Kathleen Karlsen, MA is an artist, writer and design consultant residing in Bozeman, Montana. Fine art and unique gifts by Kathleen and other selected artists can be found at http://www.livingartsoriginals.com Visit us today to find a wonderful addition to your home decor or a gift for someone special! For an extensive article about flower symbolism see http://www.livingartsoriginals.com/infoflowersymbolism.htm

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